path: root/coff.cpp

// Windows COFF file format for objects and executables

#include "coff.h"

#include <libreichwein/file.h>

#include <boost/algorithm/string/predicate.hpp>
#include <boost/endian/conversion.hpp>

#include <algorithm>
#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdint>
#include <cstring>
#include <filesystem>
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

namespace fs = std::filesystem;

using namespace std::string_literals;

namespace {

#pragma pack(push)
#pragma pack(1)
struct MSDOSStub
{
 uint8_t padding[0x3c];
 uint32_t PESignatureOffset;
};

struct PESignature
{
 uint8_t bytes[4]{}; // "PE\0\0"
};

struct COFFHeader
{
 uint16_t Machine{};
 uint16_t NumberOfSections{};
 uint32_t TimeDateStamp{};
 uint32_t PointerToSymbolTable{};
 uint32_t NumberOfSymbols{};
 uint16_t SizeOfOptionalHeader{};
 uint16_t Characteristics{};
};

struct COFFOptionalHeader
{
 uint16_t Magic{};
 uint8_t MajorLinkerVersion{};
 uint8_t MinorLinkerVersion{};
 uint32_t SizeOfCode{};
 uint32_t SizeOfInitializedData{};
 uint32_t SizeOfUninitializedData{};
 uint32_t AddressOfEntryPoint{};
 uint32_t BaseOfCode{};
 uint32_t BaseOfData{};
};

struct COFFOptionalHeader_PE32p
{
 uint16_t Magic{};
 uint8_t MajorLinkerVersion{};
 uint8_t MinorLinkerVersion{};
 uint32_t SizeOfCode{};
 uint32_t SizeOfInitializedData{};
 uint32_t SizeOfUninitializedData{};
 uint32_t AddressOfEntryPoint{};
 uint32_t BaseOfCode{};
};

struct COFFOptionalHeader_Windows
{
 uint32_t ImageBase{};
 uint32_t SectionAlignment{};
 uint32_t FileAlignment{};
 uint16_t MajorOperatingSystemVersion{};
 uint16_t MinorOperatingSystemVersion{};
 uint16_t MajorImageVersion{};
 uint16_t MinorImageVersion{};
 uint16_t MajorSubsystemVersion{};
 uint16_t MinorSubsystemVersion{};
 uint32_t Win32VersionValue{}; // reserved, =0
 uint32_t SizeOfImage{};
 uint32_t SizeOfHeaders{};
 uint32_t CheckSum{};
 uint16_t Subsystem{};
 uint16_t DllCharacteristics{};
 uint32_t SizeOfStackReserve{};
 uint32_t SizeOfStackCommit{};
 uint32_t SizeOfHeapReserve{};
 uint32_t SizeOfHeapCommit{};
 uint32_t LoaderFlags{};
 uint32_t NumberOfRvaAndSizes{};
};

struct COFFOptionalHeader_Windows_PE32p
{
 uint64_t ImageBase{};
 uint32_t SectionAlignment{};
 uint32_t FileAlignment{};
 uint16_t MajorOperatingSystemVersion{};
 uint16_t MinorOperatingSystemVersion{};
 uint16_t MajorImageVersion{};
 uint16_t MinorImageVersion{};
 uint16_t MajorSubsystemVersion{};
 uint16_t MinorSubsystemVersion{};
 uint32_t Win32VersionValue{}; // reserved, =0
 uint32_t SizeOfImage{};
 uint32_t SizeOfHeaders{};
 uint32_t CheckSum{};
 uint16_t Subsystem{};
 uint16_t DllCharacteristics{};
 uint64_t SizeOfStackReserve{};
 uint64_t SizeOfStackCommit{};
 uint64_t SizeOfHeapReserve{};
 uint64_t SizeOfHeapCommit{};
 uint32_t LoaderFlags{};
 uint32_t NumberOfRvaAndSizes{};
};

// For each section:
struct SectionHeader
{
 uint8_t Name[8]{};
 uint32_t VirtualSize{};
 uint32_t VirtualAddress{};
 uint32_t SizeOfRawData{};
 uint32_t PointerToRawData{};
 uint32_t PointerToRelocations{};
 uint32_t PointerToLinenumbers{};
 uint16_t NumberOfRelocations{};
 uint16_t NumberOfLinenumbers{};
 uint32_t Characteristics{};
};

struct COFFRelocation
{
 uint32_t VirtualAddress{};
 uint32_t SymbolTableIndex{};
 uint16_t Type{};
};

struct COFFSymbolTableRecord
{
 uint64_t Name{}; // up-to-8-Byte String or COFFSymbolTableRecordName (if longer)
 uint32_t Value{};
 uint16_t SectionNumber{};
 uint16_t Type{};
 uint8_t StorageClass{};
 uint8_t NumberOfAuxSymbols{};
};

struct COFFSymbolTableRecordName
{
 uint32_t Zeroes{};
 uint32_t Offset{};
};

struct LibSignature
{
 uint8_t bytes[8]{}; // "!<arch>\n"
};

struct LibHeader
{
 uint8_t Name[16]{};
 uint8_t Date[12]{};
 uint8_t UserID[6]{};
 uint8_t GroupID[6]{};
 uint8_t Mode[8]{};
 uint8_t Size[10]{}; // ASCII-decimal size of Member Body (size without LibHeader size)
 uint8_t End[2]{}; // "~\n"

 std::string GetName() const
 {
  std::string s{ (char*)&Name, sizeof(Name) };

  size_t pos = s.find("/");
  if (pos == s.npos)
   throw std::runtime_error("LibHeader Name doesn't contain '/'");

  if (pos == 0) {
   if (s[1] == '/') { // "//"
    return "//"; // longnames header
   } else if (s[1] == ' ') { // "/ "
    return "/"; // linker members (#0 and #1)
   } else {
    pos = s.find(" "); // string is zero-padded. We return string without trailing zeros.
    return s.substr(0, pos); // "/<number-as-offset-into-longnames-member>"
   }
  } else {
   return s.substr(0, pos); // "name/"
  }
 }

 size_t BodySize() const
 {
  std::string s{(char*)&Size, sizeof(Size)};
  size_t pos{s.find(" ")}; // remove trailing space-padding
  s = s.substr(0, pos);

  try {
   return std::stoll(s);
  }
  catch (const std::exception &) {
   throw std::runtime_error("Bad size for LibHeader");
  }
 }
};

struct FirstLinkerMember {
 uint32_t NumberOfSymbols; // big endian
 // NumberOfSymbols x uint32_t Offsets;
 // String Table
};

struct SecondLinkerMember {
 uint32_t NumberOfMembers;
 // NumberOfMembers x uint32_t Offsets;
 // uint32_t NumberOfSymbols;
 // NumberOfSymbols x uint16_t Indices;
};

// TODO: export table
// TODO: import table
// TODO: relocations table
// TODO: TLS table (thread local storage)
#pragma pack(pop)

 std::vector<uint8_t> getFile(const fs::path& filename)
 {
  std::ifstream file(filename.string(), std::ios::in | std::ios::binary | std::ios::ate);

  if (file.is_open()) {
   std::ifstream::pos_type fileSize = file.tellg();
   file.seekg(0, std::ios::beg);

   std::vector<uint8_t> bytes(fileSize, 0);
   file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(bytes.data()), fileSize);

   return bytes;

  } else {
   throw std::runtime_error("Opening "s + filename.string() + " for reading");
  }
 }

 uint32_t PE_addr(const std::vector<uint8_t>& data)
 {
  if (data.size() >= 0x40) {
   size_t offset = *(reinterpret_cast<const uint32_t*>(data.data() + 0x3c));
   if (data.size() >= offset + 4) {
    std::vector<uint8_t> ref{ 'P', 'E', '\0', '\0' };
    auto [data_it, ref_it] { std::mismatch(data.begin() + offset, data.end(), ref.begin(), ref.end()) };
    if (ref_it == ref.end())
     return uint8_t(offset) + 4;
   }
  }
  return 0;
 }

 bool isPE(const std::vector<uint8_t>& data)
 {
  return PE_addr(data);
 }
 
 char to_hex_digit(uint8_t value)
 {
  if (value < 10)
   return '0' + value;
  else
   return 'a' + value - 10;
 }
 
 template< typename T >
 std::string to_hex(T i)
 {
  std::stringstream stream;
  if (sizeof(T) == 1)
   stream << to_hex_digit(i >> 4) << to_hex_digit(i & 0xF);
  else
   stream
    << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(sizeof(T) * 2)
    << std::hex << i;
  return stream.str();
 }
 
 template< typename T >
 std::string to_0xhex(T i)
 {
  std::stringstream stream;
  if (sizeof(T) == 1)
   stream << to_hex_digit(i >> 4) << to_hex_digit(i & 0xF);
  else
   stream << "0x"
    << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(sizeof(T) * 2)
    << std::hex << i;
  return stream.str();
 }
 
 std::string to_string(const uint8_t(&name)[8]) {
  if (name[0] == '/') {
   // rest contains a decimal number ASCII coded as offset into string table
   throw std::runtime_error("Unimplemented /-based name, TODO!");
  }

  return std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(name), 8);
 }

 void DumpSection(const std::vector<uint8_t>& data, uint32_t Offset, uint32_t Size, uint32_t VirtualSize)
 {
  if (data.size() < Offset + Size)
   throw std::runtime_error("Not enough raw data to dump, got "s + std::to_string(data.size()) + ", expected "s + std::to_string(Offset + Size));
  // Size < VirtualSize: the rest is implicitly padded
  std::string printable;

  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < VirtualSize; i++) {
   if (i % 16 == 0) {
    std::cout << "  " << printable << "\n    " << to_0xhex(i) << " ";
    printable = "";
   } else if (i % 16 == 8)
    std::cout << " ";
   std::string value = (i < Size) ? to_hex(uint8_t(data[Offset + i])) : "oo";
   int c = (i < Size) ? data[Offset + i] : 0;
   std::cout << " " << value;
   if (std::isprint(c))
    printable.append(size_t(1), char(c));
   else
    printable.append(".");
  }
  std::cout << (VirtualSize % 16 > 0 ? std::string(size_t(3 * (16 - VirtualSize % 16)), ' ') + (VirtualSize % 16 <= 8 ? " " : "") : "") << "  " << printable;

  std::cout << "\n";
 }

 // PE =
 //   MSDOSStub
 //   PESignature
 //   COFFHeader
 //    + COFFOptionalHeader or COFFOptionalHeader_P32p
 //    + COFFOptionalHeader_Windows or COFFOptionalHeader_Windows_PE32p
 //    + N x DataDirectory
 //   SectionHeader(s)
 
 void DumpExe(const std::vector<uint8_t>& data)
 {
  size_t offset{ PE_addr(data) };

  if (data.size() >= offset + sizeof(COFFHeader)) {
   std::cout << "COFF Image (EXE) found.\n" << std::endl;
   const COFFHeader& coffHeader{ *(reinterpret_cast<const COFFHeader*>(data.data() + offset)) };

   std::cout << "Machine: " << to_0xhex(coffHeader.Machine) << "\n";
   if (coffHeader.Machine != COFF::IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_AMD64)
    std::cout << "  Warning: Unsupported.\n";
   std::cout << "NumberOfSections: " << coffHeader.NumberOfSections << "\n";

   if (coffHeader.SizeOfOptionalHeader == 0)
    std::cout << "Warning: SizeOfOptionalHeader is " << coffHeader.SizeOfOptionalHeader << ". Expected " << sizeof(COFFOptionalHeader) << ".\n";

   for (int i = 1; i <= coffHeader.NumberOfSections; i++) {
    if (data.size() < offset + sizeof(COFFHeader) + coffHeader.SizeOfOptionalHeader + i * sizeof(SectionHeader))
     throw std::runtime_error("Data size too small to read next Section Header");
    const SectionHeader& sectionHeader{ *(reinterpret_cast<const SectionHeader*>(data.data() + offset + coffHeader.SizeOfOptionalHeader + sizeof(COFFHeader) + (i - 1) * sizeof(SectionHeader))) };
    std::cout << "\nSection #" << i << ":\n";
    std::cout << "  Name: " << to_string(sectionHeader.Name) << "\n";
    std::cout << "  Size: " << sectionHeader.VirtualSize << " bytes\n";
    std::cout << "  Raw Data:\n";
    DumpSection(data, sectionHeader.PointerToRawData, sectionHeader.SizeOfRawData, sectionHeader.VirtualSize);
   }
  } else
   throw std::runtime_error("Data size too small to read COFF Header.");
 }
 
 // COFF OBJ =
 //   COFFHeader
 //   SectionHeader(s)
 void DumpObj(const std::vector<uint8_t>& data)
 {
  if (data.size() >= sizeof(COFFHeader)) {
   std::cout << "COFF OBJ found.\n" << std::endl;
   const COFFHeader& coffHeader{ *(reinterpret_cast<const COFFHeader*>(data.data())) };
 
   std::cout << "Machine: " << to_0xhex(coffHeader.Machine) << "\n";
   if (coffHeader.Machine != COFF::IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_AMD64) {
    std::cout << "  Warning: Unsupported.\n";
    return;
   }
   std::cout << "NumberOfSections: " << coffHeader.NumberOfSections << "\n";
 
   if (coffHeader.SizeOfOptionalHeader != 0)
    std::cout << "Warning: SizeOfOptionalHeader is " << coffHeader.SizeOfOptionalHeader << ". Expected 0.\n";
 
   for (int i = 1; i <= coffHeader.NumberOfSections; i++) {
    if (data.size() < sizeof(COFFHeader) + i * sizeof(SectionHeader))
     throw std::runtime_error("Data size too small to read next Section Header");
    const SectionHeader& sectionHeader{ *(reinterpret_cast<const SectionHeader*>(data.data() + sizeof(COFFHeader) + (i - 1) * sizeof(SectionHeader))) };
    std::cout << "\nSection #" << i << ":\n";
    std::cout << "  Name: " << to_string(sectionHeader.Name) << "\n";
    std::cout << "  Size: " << sectionHeader.SizeOfRawData << " bytes\n";
    std::cout << "  Raw Data:\n";
    DumpSection(data, sectionHeader.PointerToRawData, sectionHeader.SizeOfRawData, sectionHeader.SizeOfRawData); // sectionHeader.VirtualSize is 0 for obj
   }
  } else
   throw std::runtime_error("Data size too small to read COFF Header.");
 }
 
 void DumpMember(size_t n, const std::vector<uint8_t>& data, size_t byteoffset)
 {
  const LibHeader& libHeader{ *(reinterpret_cast<const LibHeader*>(data.data() + byteoffset)) };

  if (libHeader.End[0] != 0x60 || libHeader.End[1] != 0x0A)
   throw std::runtime_error("Bad EndOFHeader signature for header #"s + std::to_string(n + 1) + " at byte offset "s + std::to_string(byteoffset));

  if (data.size() < byteoffset + sizeof(LibHeader) + libHeader.BodySize())
   throw std::runtime_error("Too few bytes for linker member #"s + std::to_string(n + 1));

  if (n == 0) { // 1st Linker Member
   if (libHeader.GetName() != "/")
    throw std::runtime_error("Bad Name for 1st Linker Member: "s + libHeader.GetName());

   if (data.size() < byteoffset + sizeof(LibHeader) + sizeof(FirstLinkerMember))
    throw std::runtime_error("Too few bytes for first linker member.");

   const FirstLinkerMember& firstLinkerMember{ *(reinterpret_cast<const FirstLinkerMember*>(data.data() + byteoffset + sizeof(LibHeader))) };
   std::cout << "First Linker Member with " << boost::endian::big_to_native(firstLinkerMember.NumberOfSymbols) << " Symbol(s): Ignored (obsolete).\n" << std::endl;
  } else if (n == 1) { // 2nd Linker Member
   if (libHeader.GetName() != "/")
    throw std::runtime_error("Bad Name for 2nd Linker Member: "s + libHeader.GetName());

   if (data.size() < byteoffset + sizeof(LibHeader) + sizeof(SecondLinkerMember))
    throw std::runtime_error("Too few bytes for second linker member.");

   const SecondLinkerMember& secondLinkerMember{ *(reinterpret_cast<const SecondLinkerMember*>(data.data() + byteoffset + sizeof(LibHeader))) };
   std::cout << "Second Linker Member: " << secondLinkerMember.NumberOfMembers << " Archive Member(s)\n" << std::endl;
  } else if (n == 2 && libHeader.GetName() == "//") { // Longnames Member.
   // undocumented: Longnames Member not always present
   if (libHeader.GetName() != "//")
    throw std::runtime_error("Bad Name for Longnames Member: "s + libHeader.GetName());

   std::cout << "Longnames Member\n" << std::endl;
  } else { // n >= 3: OBJ members
   std::cout << "OBJ Member #" << (n - 2) << "\n" << std::endl;
   std::vector<uint8_t> obj{ data.begin() + byteoffset + sizeof(LibHeader), data.begin() + byteoffset + sizeof(LibHeader) + libHeader.BodySize() };
   DumpObj(obj);
  }
 }

 // LIB =
 //   LibSignature
 //   LibHeaders (+ Body each):
 //     Linker Member 1 (directory, obsolete)
 //     Linker Member 2 (directory)
 //     Longnames Member (names of archive members)
 //     OBJ1
 //     [OBJ2]
 //     [...]

 void DumpLib(const std::vector<uint8_t>& data)
 {
#if 0
  size_t p1{ 0 };
  std::vector<uint8_t> x{ {'\\', '\\'} };
  auto it = std::search(data.begin(), data.end(), x.begin(), x.end());

  if (it != data.end())
   std::cout << "DEBUG: " << (it - data.begin()) << std::endl;
  else
   std::cout << "DEBUG: " << "not found." << std::endl;
#endif
  size_t n{ 0 };
  size_t byteoffset{ sizeof(LibSignature) };
  while (byteoffset < data.size()) {
   const LibHeader& libHeader{ *(reinterpret_cast<const LibHeader*>(data.data() + byteoffset)) };

   if (data.size() < byteoffset + sizeof(LibHeader))
    throw std::runtime_error("Too few bytes in lib header for member #"s + std::to_string(n + 1) + ": "s + std::to_string(data.size()));

   DumpMember(n, data, byteoffset);

   n++;
   byteoffset += sizeof(LibHeader) + libHeader.BodySize();

   while (byteoffset % 2 != 0) // align to 2-byte ??? (undocumented)
    byteoffset++;
  }
 }

} // namespace


void COFF::Dump(fs::path path)
{
 auto data{getFile(path)};

 if (data.size() >= 8 && boost::starts_with(data, "!<arch>\n"s)) {
  DumpLib(data);
 } else if (data.size() >= 2 && data[0] == 0x64 && data[1] == 0x86) {
  DumpObj(data);
 } else if (isPE(data)) {
  DumpExe(data);
 } else
  throw std::runtime_error("Bad file type.");
}

namespace {

 void PutDOSStub(std::vector<uint8_t>& data)
 {
  std::vector<uint8_t> x{ 'M', 'Z' };
  x.resize(0x3c);
  data.insert(data.end(), x.begin(), x.end());
  std::vector<uint8_t> address{0x40, 0, 0, 0}; // 32-bit address points to end of thus DOSStub
  data.insert(data.end(), address.begin(), address.end());
 }

 void PutPESignature(std::vector<uint8_t>& data)
 {
  std::vector<uint8_t> sig{ 'P', 'E', '\0', '\0' };
  data.insert(data.end(), sig.begin(), sig.end());
 }

 void PutCOFFHeader(std::vector<uint8_t>& data)
 {
  {
   std::vector<uint8_t> header_v(sizeof(COFFHeader), uint8_t{});
   COFFHeader& header{ *reinterpret_cast<COFFHeader*>(header_v.data()) };
   header.Machine = 0x8664; // AMD64
   header.NumberOfSections = 2;
   header.SizeOfOptionalHeader = sizeof(COFFOptionalHeader_PE32p) + sizeof(COFFOptionalHeader_Windows_PE32p) + 8 * 16; // 0xf0
   header.Characteristics = COFF::IMAGE_FILE_EXECUTABLE_IMAGE | COFF::IMAGE_FILE_LARGE_ADDRESS_AWARE;
   data.insert(data.end(), header_v.begin(), header_v.end());
  }

  {
   std::vector<uint8_t> optional_header_v(sizeof(COFFOptionalHeader_PE32p), uint8_t{});
   COFFOptionalHeader_PE32p& optional_header{ *reinterpret_cast<COFFOptionalHeader_PE32p*>(optional_header_v.data()) };
   optional_header.Magic = 0x20B; // PE32+
   optional_header.SizeOfCode = 512;
   optional_header.SizeOfInitializedData = 512;
   optional_header.SizeOfUninitializedData = 0;
   optional_header.AddressOfEntryPoint = 0x1000;
   optional_header.BaseOfCode = 0x1000;
   data.insert(data.end(), optional_header_v.begin(), optional_header_v.end());
  }

  {
   std::vector<uint8_t> optional_windows_v(sizeof(COFFOptionalHeader_Windows_PE32p), uint8_t{});
   COFFOptionalHeader_Windows_PE32p& optional_windows{ *reinterpret_cast<COFFOptionalHeader_Windows_PE32p*>(optional_windows_v.data()) };
   optional_windows.ImageBase = 0x140000000;
   optional_windows.SectionAlignment = 0x1000;
   optional_windows.FileAlignment = 512;
#if 1
   optional_windows.MajorImageVersion = 6;
   optional_windows.MajorOperatingSystemVersion = 6;
   optional_windows.MajorSubsystemVersion = 6;
#endif
   optional_windows.SizeOfImage = 0x3000;
   optional_windows.SizeOfHeaders = 512;
   optional_windows.CheckSum = 0;
   optional_windows.Subsystem = COFF::IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_WINDOWS_CUI;
#if 0
   optional_windows.DllCharacteristics = 0x8160;
#endif
   optional_windows.SizeOfStackReserve = 0x100000;
   optional_windows.SizeOfStackCommit  = 0x1000;
   optional_windows.SizeOfHeapReserve  = 0x100000;
   optional_windows.SizeOfHeapCommit   = 0x1000;
   optional_windows.NumberOfRvaAndSizes = 0x10;
   data.insert(data.end(), optional_windows_v.begin(), optional_windows_v.end());
  }

  {
   std::vector<uint8_t> data_directories(8 * 16, uint8_t{});
   data.insert(data.end(), data_directories.begin(), data_directories.end());
  }
 }

 void PutCOFFSectionCodeHeader(std::vector<uint8_t>& data)
 {
  std::vector<uint8_t> section_header_v(sizeof(SectionHeader), uint8_t{});
  SectionHeader& section_header{ *reinterpret_cast<SectionHeader*>(section_header_v.data()) };
  uint8_t Name[8]{ '.', 't', 'e', 'x', 't', 0, 0, 0 };
  memcpy(section_header.Name, Name, 8);
  section_header.VirtualSize = 3; // TODO
  section_header.VirtualAddress = 0x1000;
  section_header.SizeOfRawData = 512; // multiple of optional_windows.FileAlignment
  section_header.PointerToRawData = 512;
  section_header.Characteristics = COFF::IMAGE_SCN_CNT_CODE | COFF::IMAGE_SCN_MEM_EXECUTE | COFF::IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ;
  data.insert(data.end(), section_header_v.begin(), section_header_v.end());
 }

 void PutCOFFSectionCode(std::vector<uint8_t>& data)
 {
  { // pad before code
   std::vector<uint8_t> pad(512 - data.size(), uint8_t{});
   data.insert(data.end(), pad.begin(), pad.end());
  }

  { // test code: return 0
   std::vector<uint8_t> code{0x33, 0xC0, 0xC3};
   data.insert(data.end(), code.begin(), code.end());
  }

  { // pad after code
   std::vector<uint8_t> pad(1024 - data.size(), uint8_t{});
   data.insert(data.end(), pad.begin(), pad.end());
  }
 }

 void PutCOFFSectionDataHeader(std::vector<uint8_t>& data)
 {
  std::vector<uint8_t> section_header_v(sizeof(SectionHeader), uint8_t{});
  SectionHeader& section_header{ *reinterpret_cast<SectionHeader*>(section_header_v.data()) };
  uint8_t Name[8]{ '.', 'd', 'a', 't', 'a', 0, 0, 0 };
  memcpy(section_header.Name, Name, 8);
  section_header.VirtualSize = 3; // TODO
  section_header.VirtualAddress = 0x2000;
  section_header.SizeOfRawData = 512; // multiple of optional_windows.FileAlignment
  section_header.PointerToRawData = 1024;
  section_header.Characteristics = COFF::IMAGE_SCN_CNT_INITIALIZED_DATA | COFF::IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ;
  data.insert(data.end(), section_header_v.begin(), section_header_v.end());
 }
 
 void PutCOFFSectionData(std::vector<uint8_t>& data)
 {
  { // test data
   std::vector<uint8_t> x(1536 - data.size(), uint8_t{});
   data.insert(data.end(), x.begin(), x.end());
  }

 }
} // namespace

void COFF::Create(std::filesystem::path path)
{
 std::vector<uint8_t> data;

 PutDOSStub(data);
 PutPESignature(data);
 PutCOFFHeader(data);
 PutCOFFSectionCodeHeader(data);
 PutCOFFSectionDataHeader(data);
 PutCOFFSectionCode(data);
 PutCOFFSectionData(data);

 Reichwein::File::setFile(path, data);
}